Origin and Habitat: Central Peru.

• Oroya peruviana var. neoperuviana (Backeb.) Slaba
• Oroya neoperuviana Backeb.

• Oroya peruviana Britton & Rose
• Echinocactus peruvianus K.Schum.
• Oroya baumannii Kníže
• Oroya peruviana var. baumanii (Kníže) Slaba
• Oroya baumannii var. rubrispina Kníže
• Oroya borchersii var. fuscata Rauh & Backeb.
• Oroya borchersii f. fuscata (Rauh & Backeb.) Krainz in Krainz
• Oroya laxiareolata Rauh & Backeb. in Backeb.
• Oroya subocculta var. laxiareolata (Rauh & Backeb.) Slaba
• Oroya neoperuviana var. ferruginea Rauh & Backeb.
• Oroya peruviana var. citriflora (Kníže) Slaba
• Oroya gibbosa var. citriflora Kníže
• Oroya peruviana var. conaikensis Donald & A.B.Lau
• Oroya peruviana f. cristata hort.
• Oroya peruviana var. depressa (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb. in Rauh
• Oroya neoperuviana var. depressa Rauh & Backeb.
• Oroya peruviana var. gibbosa F.Ritter
• Oroya gibbosa F.Ritter
• Oroya peruviana var. minima Kníže
• Oroya peruviana caespitosa hort.
• Oroya peruviana var. neoperuviana (Backeb.) Slaba
• Oroya neoperuviana Backeb.
• Oroya peruviana var. pluricentralis (Backeb.) F.Ritter
• Oroya laxiareolata var. pluricentralis Backeb.
• Oroya subocculta var. pluricentralis (Backeb.) Slaba
• Oroya subocculta Rauh & Backeb. in Backeb.
• Oroya subocculta var. albispina Rauh & Backeb.
• Oroya subocculta var. fusca Rauh & Backeb.

Description: Oroya peruvianaSN|1494]]SN|1494]] is a variable species with (usually) solitary slow-growing flattened stem, that eventually becomes shortly columnar. up to 20 cm in diameter, 30 cm tall. The spines are also variable, more or less pectinated and range in colour from pale yellow to brown.
The flowers are small pink with a yellowish centres, in dense clusters at the plant apexes and open in the summer, sometimes in a ring.. They are followed by red, hollow berries.
The so called forma "neoperuviana" is up to about 40 cm. tall and 25 cm. wide, with 24-40 ribs, the spines are pectinated, yellowish to straw-yellow. The flowers are produced in a ring around the crown of the plant in spring, they are orange-red.
Remarks: Oroyas grow, as the Oreocereus do, in the high mountains of the Andes. The globular bodies often sit deep in the ground. The spines are very varied in form and color.

Cultivation and Propagation: This species needs a minimum temperature of 5°C. It will form ugly scars if exposed to too much cold but it can survive a minimum temperature of – 7°C.