Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis

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Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (F.H.Brandt) Hentzschel & K.Augustin
Gymnocalycium 21(2): 781. 2008 [May 2008]
Family: CACTACEAE

= Sulcorebutia callecallensis (F.H.Brandt) Pilbeam
Sulcorebutia & Weingartia, Collector's Guide 41 (1985), contrary to Art. 34.1(a) ICBN (1983)

Accepted Scientific Name: Rebutia canigueralii Cárdenas
Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 36: 26, figs. 1964

Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (Sulcorebutia callecallensis) Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli
VZ196 (Collector: Johan de Vries, Elisabeth van Zomeren) Locality: East of VZ56b, Cerro Calle Calle, Zudanez, Bolivia Altitude: 2960m Date: Notes: red / orange flowers

Origin and Habitat: Cerro Calle Calle, Chuquisaca, Bolivia.
Altitude: 2900-3100.
Habitat: They grows atop a massive table mountain over large parts the summit plateau.

Synonyms:

Sulcorebutia callecallensis (F.H.Brandt) Pilbeam

Sulcorebutia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (F.H.Brandt) K.Augustin & Gertel
Weingartia callecallensis F.H.Brandt
Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (F.H.Brandt) Hentzschel & K.Augustin

See all synonyms of Rebutia canigueralii

Description: Rebutia canigueraliiSN|5130]]SN|5130]] var. callecallensis is one of the innumerable local form of the very variable Rebutia canigueraliiSN|5130]]SN|5130]] with tiny clustering stems short, pectinate adpressed, bright spines and outstanding bicoloured yellow-red blooms.
Habit: It is a low-growing clustering cactus that may forms clumps of many heads, in habitat the plant retract almost completely below soil level during time of drought .
Stem: Rapidly offsetting from the base, very small, typically light-green or (rarely) dark purple. A characteristic of this species is that the offsets develop roots while still attached to the mother. Individual stems 1-2 cm talland in diameter (or a little more in cultivation).
Ribs: With slightly raised tubercles (about 3-4 mm wide) . In older plants tubercles are arranged in up to 8-13 spiral line merging in the apex.
Areoles: 2-3 mm long, narrow with short white felt.
Roots: Conical.
Radial spines: 11 to 14, fine, bristly, 1,5-2 (or more) mm long tight, pectinate, pointing diagonally and downward, that recurve and hug the tubercles so as not to be felt. Straw to amber with darker bases. Not interlaced.
Central spines: None.
Flowers: From the basal part of the stem, 20 - 50 mm long, 35 - 50 mm wide nearly all bi-coloured orange or red, with yellow throats, some with shimmering blue tips of the petals. Some of these flowers appear almost three-coloured, which of course makes them particularly attractive. However, there are small populations of plants with darker, reddish shaded epidermis with almost pure red flowers . Elsewhere, there are only yellow to yellow-orange-colored flowers or purple flowers with yellow throat, a combination of colours which is rarely seen in this manner from any other Sulcorebutia.
Phenology: Flowers are produced in late spring and remain open for three or four days.
Fruit: Dark brownish red approx 4-5 mm wide.

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Subspecies, varieties, forms and cultivars of plants belonging to the Rebutia canigueralli group

Rebutia canigueralii Cárdenas: Slow growing clustering cactus that may forms clumps of many heads. This is a highly variable species with several forms with light green to purple colouration and small spines. Flowers mostly bicoloured orange, red or purple with a yellow throat, but the amount of red vs. yellow varies widely.
Rebutia canigueralii subs. crispata (Rausch) Donald ex D.R.Hunt: Forms small globular bodies nearly obscured by a variable ivory to golden spination. Spines are pectinated, bristly, flexible and more or less curved. Freely clusters to form large mounds.
Rebutia pulchra Cárdenas: Stems 40-50 mm Ø, dull olive-green with violet. Radials 10-12 yellow/brown, fine 2-4 mm long. Centrals usually absent. Flowers magenta, red or bicoloured. Distribution: Chuquisaca, Bolivia.
Sulcorebutia callecallensis (F.H.Brandt) Pilbeam: has tiny clustering stems, short, pectinate adpressed spines and outstanding bicoloured yellow-red blooms. Distribution: Cerro Calle Calle, Chuquisaca.
Sulcorebutia canigueralii var. applanata (Donald & Krahn) Horáček: has small, dull grey-green stems, rapidly offsetting from the base, Flowers bi-coloured yellw-red or purple. Distribution: Cerro Churuquella, Sucre.
Sulcorebutia frankiana Rausch: has small-bodies with fox-brown spines and pink to magenta flowers. Distribution: Sucre to Los Alamos and adjacent areas, Chuquisaca, Bolivia.
Sulcorebutia gerosenilis ?íha & Arandia: Same as Sulcorebutia crispata v. hertusii.
Sulcorebutia hertusii (Halda & Horáček) Halda & Horáček: Body dark-purple coloured covered by hair-like, white or yellowish, twisted spines.
Sulcorebutia losenickyana Rausch: has bristly, tight, pectinate spines, pointing diagonally and downward, partially interlaced. Whitish with brownish base, but also golden, brown or almost black. Distribution: Chuquisaca and Potosí.
Sulcorebutia pasopayana (F.H.Brandt) Gertel: A small-headed low growing, mound forming, cactus that forms large clumps, sometime with hundreds of heads. The flowers are blood red.
Sulcorebutia rauschii G.Frank: Stems highly coloured in purple with very small dark pectinaded spines. Flowers magenta. Distribution: Zudañez, Chuquisaca.
Sulcorebutia rauschii f. aureispina hort.: This form has short yellow pectinate spines on a mauve body. Distribution: Zudañez, Chuquisaca.
Sulcorebutia rauschii f. cristata hort.: Crested form.
Sulcorebutia rauschii f. violacidermis hort.: Beautiful selected form with nice and distinctive dark violet body. Distribution: Zudañez, Chuquisaca.
Sulcorebutia rauschii f. viridermis hort.: Green form. Distribution: Zudañez, Chuquisaca.
Sulcorebutia roberto-vasquezii Diers & Krahn
Sulcorebutia tarabucoensis Rausch: has globular stems with a long taproot. Radial spines bristly to 10 mm long, cream or yellowish, pectinated. Blooms red or dark magenta. Distribution: Tarabuco, Chuquisaca, Bolivia.
Sulcorebutia tarabucoensis var. aureiflora (Rausch) K.Augustin & Gertel: has yellow or yellow and orange red flowers, grey-green epidermis, and yellow to white spines up to 10 mm long. Distrtibution: Tarabuco and adjacent areas, Sucre, Bolivia. = Sulcorebutia callecallensis.
Sulcorebutia tarabucoensis subs. patriciae B.Bates, Halda, Heřtus & Horáček: Spines yellowish brisly, hairlike. This plant is very similar (if not the same) to Sulcorebutia crispata v. hertusii.

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Bibliography: Major references and further lectures
1) James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey “The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-Doors and Under Glass” Cambridge University Press, 11/Aug./2011
2) David Hunt, Nigel Taylor “The New Cactus Lexicon” DH Books, 2006
3) Edward F. Anderson “The Cactus Family” Timber Press, 2001
4) Anderson E. F.: "The Cactus Family" Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, 2001
5) Ritter Fr.: "Kakteen in Südamerika" Spangenberg, 1980
6) John Pilbeam "Sulcorebutia and Weingartia: A Collector's Guide" Timber Press, 1985
7) E Haustein “Der Kosmos Kakteenfuehrer (the Kosmos Cactus Guide)” Balogh Scientific Books 01 December 1998
8) Cullmann W., Götz E., Gröner G.”Kakteen: Kultur, Vermehrung und Pflege - Lexikon der Gattungen und Arten” Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1984

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Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (Sulcorebutia callecallensis) Photo by: Carolina González

Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (Sulcorebutia callecallensis) Photo by: Cactus Art

Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (Sulcorebutia callecallensis) Photo by: Valentino Vallicelli

Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (Sulcorebutia callecallensis) Photo by: Carolina González

Sulcorebutia callecallensis HS 5 Sucre to Ravelo km 13.5, Oropeza, Chuquisaca, Bolivia (Sulcorebutia callecallensis) Photo by: Peiffer Clement

Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (Sulcorebutia callecallensis) Photo by: Carolina González

Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (Sulcorebutia callecallensis) Photo by: Carolina González

Weingartia tarabucoensis var. callecallensis (Sulcorebutia callecallensis) Photo by: Cactus Art

Cultivation and Propagation: Sulcorebutias are summer grower species easy to cultivate, more cold tolerant than most. These mountainous plants have thick taproots and are susceptible to overwatering. They requires also an appropriate air circulation and are sometime grafted to avoid root problems.
Growth rate: It is a relatively rapidly growing and easily flowering species that will make clumps given the best conditions.
Soils: It likes very coarse mineral cactus mix soil, but can become too elongated if compost is too rich.
Repotting: Use pot with good drainage.
Watering: Water moderately from Spring to Autumn, but do not overwater (Rot prone), it must be strictly kept dry throughout the winter quiescent period since it is very sensitive to any moisture excesses keep dry in winter.
Fertilization: Feed with a high potassium fertilizer in summer.
Hardiness: They need to be kept in a cool place during winter rest and are somewhat resistant to frost if kept on the dry side prior to, and during, cold weather (due to the altitude they are hardy to -7 C ° C, or less for short periods). The cold is important for the flowers, as well as for their health. Without this cool winter period, they normally won't get any buds.
Exposition: Requires full sun or light shade and careful watering to keep plant compact with strong coloured spines. Tends to bronze in strong light, which encourages flowering and heavy spine production. Light shadow my be useful in the hottest summer days.
Uses: It is an excellent plant for container growing. It always looks good and stays small. It look fine in a cold greenhouse and frame or outdoor in a rockery.
Pests & diseases: It may be attractive to a variety of insects, but plants in good condition should be nearly pest-free, particularly if they are grown in a mineral potting-mix, with good exposure and ventilation. Nonetheless, there are several pests to watch for:
- Red spiders: Red spiders may be effectively rubbed up by watering the infested plants from above.
- Mealy bugs: Mealy bugs occasionally develop aerial into the new growth among the wool with disfiguring results, but the worst types develop underground on the roots and are invisible except by their effects.
- Sciara Flies: Sciara flies are one of the major problems for seedlings. It is a good practice to mulch your seedlings with a layer of grit, which will strongly discourage the flies.
- Scales: Scales are rarely a problem.
It is wise to treat your whole collection with a systemic insecticide twice a year in spring and autumn.
- Rot: Rot is only a minor problem with cacti if the plants are watered and “aired” correctly. If they are not, fungicides won't help all that much. To prevent rottenness it is also advisable to surround its root neck by very rough sand or grit, this help a fast water drainage.
Propagation: Seed, cutting, grafting. Seeds germinate in 7-14 days at 21-27° C in spring, remove gradually the glass cover as soon the plants will be well rooted (ca 1-2 weeks) and keep ventilated, no full sun for young plants!

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by Carolina González

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